District of Columbia rental license requirements

This page is a simple, plain-language explanation of how District of Columbia's residential rental licensing rules generally work. It does not replace official guidance from the District and is not legal advice, but it can help you understand what to expect before you start.

Who needs a District of Columbia rental license?

In general, a license is required when:

• You rent out residential property in the District of Columbia, and
• The property is not exempt (limited exemptions exist for certain situations).

Important: DC requires both a Basic Business License (BBL) as a rental property provider through DLCP, and registration with DHCD's RAD (Rent Registry) under the Rental Housing Act framework.

Common examples

If you are unsure whether your property requires a license or qualifies for an exemption, we can help you check that. The District of Columbia has the final say on borderline cases.

Key parts of the licensing process

The District of Columbia residential rental license process generally has these main parts:

What the inspection typically looks at

The inspection is a housing code compliance inspection conducted by DOB/DLCP. While specifics depend on property type and code issues found, common items include:

• Working heat and basic utilities
• Smoke and carbon monoxide alarms in required locations
• Electrical systems appear safe and functional
• Windows and doors that operate and lock properly
• Safe, usable exits in case of an emergency
• Property condition and habitability standards

If something doesn't meet the standard, the inspector may note it as a correction. If you fail, a $90 reinspection fee applies and reinspection is required before renewal/issuance.

Documents you'll need

Typical documentation requested during the process may include:

• Basic Business License (BBL) - unexpired BBL certificate (Rental Housing category)
• Recorded deed or proof of ownership
• Certificate of Occupancy (if applicable, commonly required for 2+ units)
• Tax registration confirmation and Clean Hands check (as part of BBL eligibility)
• RAD registration or Claim of Exemption filing (RAD Form 1 or RentRegistry equivalent)
• Any supporting documents for exemption claims (if applicable)

Special considerations

Rent Registry and Exemptions

Rent Registry guidance states housing providers must register units, and rental units are either rent-stabilized or exempt. Unregistered units are treated as rent-stabilized unless an exemption is approved. Exemption claims must be supported and approved. Rent stabilization exemptions exist (e.g., certain small housing provider situations, post-1975 construction, government-subsidized, etc.).

30-Day Filing Deadlines

RAD Form 1 guidance: registration or claim of exemption must be filed within 30 days of acquiring ownership or offering the unit for rent; updates within 30 days of changes.

Certificate of Occupancy

A C of O is commonly required for 2+ unit accommodations and is referenced as "most recently-issued" in RAD Form 1 instructions when applicable. DC's DOB notes single-family residences in certain zones are exempt from needing a C of O.

How we fit into this process

Our role is to make this easier for owners by:

• Confirming that your property appears to fall under District of Columbia's rental license rules and determining the correct rental category
• Preparing business prerequisites (tax registration, Clean Hands check)
• Coordinating the required inspection and ensuring properties are ready to pass
• Assembling BBL-ready packet with all required documentation
• Completing and maintaining Rent Registry filings (registration or exemption claims)
• Tracking renewals and ensuring ongoing compliance with 30-day update requirements